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- A Guide to the SIL Encore IPA Fonts (Windows version)
-
- With these fonts we preview the next generation of SIL Encore
- Fonts--scalable outline fonts for both Macintosh and Windows systems. These
- IPA fonts are just the first step toward providing a single solution for
- all roman phonetic character needs. The full SIL Encore Outline Fonts
- package (available 11/92) is a more complete solution. The SIL Printing
- Arts Department is also committed to finding the best solutions for
- non-roman scripts in the months and years to come.
-
- Although brief, this documentation contains vital font information that is
- not included elsewhere. Please read it carefully. This will help you take
- full advantage of the unique features of the SIL Encore IPA Fonts.
-
- Contents of this Disk
-
- This disk contains the following fonts:
-
- SIL Doulos IPA -- a serif, Times-like font in both TrueType and
- PostScript Type 1 formats. The TrueType file is named SILDIPAR.TTF, the
- PostScript files are in the PS_FILES directory: SILDIPA_.AFM, SILDIPA_.CFG,
- SILDIPA_.INF, SILDIPA_.PFB, SILDIPA_.PFM.
-
- SIL Sophia IPA -- a sans serif, Univers/Helvetica-like font in both
- TrueType and PostScript Type 1 formats. The TrueType file is named
- SILSIPAR.TTF, the PostScript files are in the PS_FILES directory:
- SILSIPA_.AFM, SILSIPA_.CFG, SILSIPA_.INF, SILSIPA_.PFB, SILSIPA_.PFM.
-
- SIL Manuscript IPA -- a monowidth font in both TrueType and PostScript
- Type 1 formats. The TrueType file is named SILMIPAR.TTF, the PostScript
- files are in the PS_FILES directory: SILMIPA_.AFM, SILMIPA_.CFG,
- SILMIPA_.INF, SILMIPA_.PFB, SILMIPA_.PFM.
-
- It also contains the following documentation:
-
- A Guide to the SIL Encore IPA Fonts (this file) -- a brief guide to
- using the above fonts, supplied in both Word for Windows 2.0 and text
- formats. The WinWord file is IPAGUIDE.DOC. The text file is IPAGUIDE.TXT.
- These files do not, however, contain the Access Code Tables and Keyboard
- Layouts included with the printed documentation.
-
- Font Problem/Suggestion Response Form -- a simple way to report any
- problems using these fonts and communicate your suggestions for future
- versions. The WinWord file is FONTRESP.DOC. The text file is FONTRESP.TXT.
-
- It also contains the following utilities:
-
- Compose -- a free utility developed by Digital Equipment Corporation
- and included for your benefit. This Windows program allows you to easily
- access special characters in your font and provides some other nice
- features as well. You do not have to run this utility to use the IPA fonts,
- but it can make their use easier. All files related to this utility
- (including documentation) are compressed into one self-extracting archive:
- CMPKIT.EXE.
-
- SIL IPA Compose Sequences -- a preset Compose sequence file
- specifically for use with the SIL Encore IPA Fonts. The file is
- CMP_IPA.DAT.
-
- Word RTF Conversion Macros -- a template of two WordBasic macros that
- fix a problem with special characters when converting documents between
- Microsoft Word for Windows and Word for the Macintosh. The file is
- RTF_FIX.DOT.
-
- Installing the Fonts
-
- To use the TrueType fonts you must be running Windows 3.1. To install them,
- the easiest way within Windows is to open the Fonts control panel and use
- the Add Fonts option to copy the fonts to your Windows directory. Consult
- your Windows documentation for additional help.
-
- To use the PostScript fonts we highly recommend that you use Adobe Type
- Manager. Consult the ATM documentation for installation instructions. Do
- not install both TrueType and PostScript versions--"unexpected" things
- might result!
-
- Accessing Phonetic Characters
-
- These fonts contain every base character, diacritic and suprasegmental mark
- currently prescribed by the International Phonetic Association, including
- the 1990 Kiel Convention revisions. It does not include full punctuation,
- capitals, non- IPA or former IPA characters. The intent was not to
- unnecessarily limit its usefulness, but to provide as full a solution as
- possible (at this time) for the display and publication of phonetic text
- using the current IPA.
-
- The following table lists each class of characters and how they have been
- placed within the font for easy access. In general, variants of standard
- characters appear on or near those characters on the standard keyboard.
- Although we have tried to be as consistent as possible, the limitations of
- the keyboard have necessitated an awkward placement for some characters
- (Sorry!). Please refer to the supplied Keyboard Layout for specific
- character placement.
-
- CHARACTERS GENERAL PLACEMENT
-
- standard lower case same as usual keyboard
-
- most common variants of lower case "shift" versions of similar characters
-
- turned or rotated "double-strike" versions*
-
- hooktop (implosives)** "double-strike" versions*
-
- curved right leg (retroflex) "shift-double-strike" versions*
-
- superscript "shift" versions
-
- barred "shift-double-strike" versions*
-
- undotted versions of i, barred i & j versions of the single quote key
- for use with diacritics
-
-
- diacritics (see next section) the upper row of keys (numbers, etc.)
-
- suprasegmentals to the right side of the keyboard
-
- arrows two-letter sequences beginning with "n" *
-
- clicks two-letter sequences beginning with "e" *
-
- tone letters two-letter sequences beginning with "u" *
-
-
- *If using Compose with the provided SIL IPA Compose sequences,
- "double-strike", "shift-double-strike" and two-letter sequences will allow
- easy access to these characters. They are otherwise only accessible by
- access code.
-
- **In Microsoft Word for Windows, neither the Compose sequence or entering
- the access code directly works with the hooktop t character (access code
- 160). It is, however, available using the Symbol command.
-
- Using Diacritics
-
- These fonts are designed to allow for the best diacritic placement
- available within the practical limits of non-kerning applications such as
- Microsoft Word. To do this we have included up to four versions of each
- diacritic to allow for "o-width" characters (such as a, o, e, c) and for
- thinner "i-width" characters (such as i, j, l, t). We have also included
- raised versions of the seven basic tone marks that will allow them to
- "stack" above another diacritic (such as the tilde) and a lowered version
- of the subscript plus sign for use with the esh (shift-s) and yogh
- (shift-z). The following table describes how to access each of the
- variants.
-
- DIACRITIC GENERAL PLACEMENT
-
- standard "o-width" that fall unshifted upper row of keys
- below the base character
-
-
- standard "o-width" that ride above "Shift" versions
-
- thinner "i-width" that fall below "double-strike" versions*
-
- thinner "i-width" that ride above "shift-double-strike" versions*
-
- raised "o-width" tone marks two-letter sequences beginning with "`" *
-
- raised "i-width" tone marks two-letter sequences beginning with "i" *
-
- lowered subscript plus two-letter sequence: "`" then "shift-a" *
-
-
- *If using Compose with the provided SIL IPA Compose sequences,
- "double-strike", "shift-double-strike" and two-letter sequences will allow
- easy access to these characters. They are otherwise only accessible by
- access code.
-
- Note that diacritics must be typed after the base character they modify.
- This may be a change from other past methods, but is necessary to assure
- that text can display correctly in Windows.
-
- If a diacritic does not seem to align well, even though you have tried both
- "o-width" and "i-width" versions, you can try adding one or more "tiny"
- spaces (access code 202, approximately 1-pixel at 300 DPI) between the base
- character and diacritic. Be aware, however, that this technique can add
- many unwanted character codes in your text if you later save it as a
- text-only file.
-
- Installing and Using Compose
-
- Compose can make typing some phonetic characters much easier. It allows you
- to setup "sequences" -- two-letter key combinations (preceded by the
- "compose" key) that enter preset characters into the current document. It
- works with most Windows programs and also includes some other useful
- features. For further information read the file COMPOSE.TXT and the online
- help included with the program.
-
- The Compose program and files are included within CMPKIT.EXE, a
- self-extracting archive. Copy this file to a new directory on your hard
- disk and type "CMPKIT". Then type "SETUP" from within the directory to
- install Compose into Windows. When you want to use Compose, double-click on
- its icon in the Windows Program Manager.
-
- Using the SIL IPA Compose Sequences
-
- Although you can configure Compose to use any character sequences for your
- phonetic characters, we have included a pre-configured sequence file,
- CMP_IPA.DAT, that is designed to be used with the SIL Encore IPA Fonts.
- Copy it to your Compose directory, start Compose from within Windows then
- use the File Open command to select it.
-
- The sequences are designed to match the provided keyboard layout as closely
- as possible. For characters that are not in the standard shifted or
- unshifted positions on the keyboard, type the Compose key (usually
- right-Ctrl) followed by the following keys in sequence. Note that you do
- not need to hold down the Compose key as you type the sequences and that
- sequences are case- sensitive.
-
-
- KEYBOARD LAYOUT POSITION COMPOSE SEQUENCE
-
- lower right corner of keys "double-strike" -- type key twice*
-
- Example: to enter the oe digraph,
- type the Compose key then "o" twice
-
- upper right corner of keys "shift-double-strike" -- type key
- twice while holding down the shift key
-
- Example: to enter the small capital OE
- digraph, type the Compose key then hold
- down the shift key and type "o" twice
-
- table in upper left corner of layout two-letter sequences -- type the key
- to the left of the table (n,e,i,u,` --
- without Option key) followed by the key
- listed above the desired character
-
- Example: to enter the up-arrow, type the
- Compose key then "n" then "a"
-
-
- *In Microsoft Word for Windows, neither the Compose sequence or entering
- the access code directly works with the hooktop t character (access code
- 160). It is, however, available using the Symbol command. The "very minute
- space" (access code 202) can only be entered by access code.
-
- Changing Typefaces for Your Text
-
- The SIL Encore IPA Fonts make it easy to change typefaces for your
- phonetic texts without any character set rearrangement. Each of the fonts
- has an identical character set encoding, meaning that you can change from
- the Doulos (proportional) typeface to the Manuscript (monowidth) typeface
- with a global font change (and vice versa) and retain all characters (in
- the right places!).
-
- In developing this encoding, we worked with noted type designer Charles
- Bigelow of Bigelow & Holmes (designers of the Lucida font family) to
- "standardize" an encoding for IPA fonts in general. He has designed
- phonetic fonts in the past and is designing phonetic extensions to his
- Lucida Sans and Lucida Bright typefaces. These extensions will be released
- at no charge to the linguistic community! As a result of our cooperation
- these fonts will be available in the "SIL IPA Encoding" (as well as other
- encodings), allowing for problem-free font changes from SIL fonts to the
- Lucida extensions.
-
- These IPA fonts are also "read-write embeddable". This means that you can
- send a document to someone with the font "embedded" inside. They will be
- able to read, edit and print that document accurately even if they do not
- have the same font installed in their system. Although this is possible
- now, very few (if any) programs currently support embedding. Most
- commercial programs, however, will support it in future releases.
-
- Exchanging Files with the Macintosh
-
- In order to maintain a very basic level of compatibility between the
- Windows and Macintosh versions of these fonts, we have also kept the font
- encoding identical between platforms. In other words, every character has
- the same access code in both versions. The result is that a file created in
- Windows and saved as "text only" can be transferred to the Mac without any
- rearranging of codes (and vice versa).
-
- The downside of this is that files saved in other formats may not transfer
- correctly. For example, Microsoft Word for Windows allows you to save
- documents in the Word for Macintosh format. The "filter" the program uses
- to do this, however, reassigns most of the upper 128 character slots and
- drops some characters out completely. The Mac-to-Windows migration does not
- do any better. Microsoft and their colleagues unfortunately provide no
- workaround for this problem, even though it affects every font (PS or
- TrueType) available. We could have restricted ourselves to using only the
- codes that are retained between platforms, but that would have severely
- reduced the characters available in the font and sacrificed the text file
- compatibility.
-
- There is, however, one way to get around this access code jumbling. Using
- the RTF (Rich Text Format) filter available in both WinWord and Word for
- Mac retains the correct encoding if a small manual change is made in the
- file. We have automated that process through two WordBasic macros,
- described in the next section.
-
- Transferring Word Documents Using RTF_FIX.DOT
-
- Correct special character conversion is possible between Word for Windows
- and Word for Macintosh using two macros, SaveAsMacRTF and
- ConvertFromMacRTF, included in the template RTF_FIX.DOT. Copy this template
- file to your WINWORD directory and follow the following procedures:
-
- To save the current document as a Macintosh RTF file:
-
- 1) Attach the RTF_FIX template using the File Template command.
- 2) Use the Tools Macro command to retrieve the list of available macros
- 3) Choose the Template Macros option and select SaveAsMacRTF
- 4) Select Run
- 5) Enter the desired resulting filename (look for the prompt in the status
- bar in the lower left corner of the window)
- 6) When the Convert File dialog appears, select the Text Only option then
- OK
- 7) The conversion is complete when the Status Bar indicates "File saved in
- Macintosh RTF format."
- 8) Transfer the document to the Mac (using Apple File Exchange or other
- utility)
-
-
- To convert and save a Macintosh RTF file:
-
- 1) Transfer the document to your PC (using Apple File Exchange or other
- utility)
- 2) Use the Open File command to open the Macintosh file (When the Convert
- File dialog appears, select the Text Only option then OK)
- 3) Attach the RTF_FIX template using the File Template command.
- 4) Use the Tools Macro command to retrieve the list of available macros
- 5) Choose the Template Macros option and select ConvertFromMacRTF
- 6) Select Run
- 7) Enter the desired WinWord filename (look for the prompt in the status
- bar in the lower left corner of the window)
- 8) When the Convert File dialog appears, select the Rich Text Format (RTF)
- option then OK (enter summary info if requested)
- 9) The conversion is complete when the Status Bar indicates "Document
- converted and saved."
-
- For these procedures to work, both WinWord and Word for Macintosh must have
- RTF converters installed. WinWord must also have the "Confirm File
- Conversions" option turned on. Although this will convert the great
- majority of characters correctly, the "hooktop t" (access code 160) will
- not convert automatically. It must be manually reentered using the Symbol
- command.
-
- Questions and Problems
-
- Will these fonts work in word processors other than Microsoft Word?
-
- Yes! They will work in any Windows application that supports TrueType
- fonts.
-
- Will these fonts work in Ventura Publisher for Windows?
-
- Yes, but not all characters will be accessible. For compatibility with text
- files from previous versions, Ventura uses its own character set.
- Supporting full character access with Ventura would have severely limited
- the number of characters in the font. Ventura users will be better served
- by the full release of the SIL Encore Outline Fonts, due in the late fall.
-
- Why didn't you include upper case and full punctuation in the font? I need
- it!
-
- These inclusions would have severely limited the number of IPA characters
- included in the font. We chose to provide a complete IPA set, but without
- the "extras". All the "extras" are included in the full release of the SIL
- Encore Outline Fonts (available 11/92).
-
- Whenever I try to type the characters on the "single quote" key I never get
- what I want.
-
- Turn off the "Smart Quotes" option in your program.
-
- When I use diacritics the end of the line gets chopped off and my cursor is
- in the wrong place.
-
- This is sometimes caused by a screen driver that does not fully support
- Windows 3.1. Try switching to the standard VGA driver included with Windows
- 3.1. If that does not solve the problem, contact us. Windows does not
- support "zero-width" or "non- spacing" diacritics, so we have had to
- "trick" it into working correctly. Usually our workaround is successful,
- but not always.
-
- The Compose sequences don't seem to work.
-
- Be sure that Compose is currently running (it can be set to turn on
- manually or automatically), the CMP_IPA.DAT file is loaded and the Compose
- key is set to the correct key. Otherwise consult the online help within
- Compose.
-
-
-
-
- You will undoubtedly have other questions about using these SIL Encore IPA
- Fonts. You may also encounter problems with the fonts or have suggestions
- for their improvement. To make these fonts available quickly we have not
- been able to test them in every situation -- there may be "hidden features"
- in programs that we do not know about yet but cause problems. Please
- forward that information to us as soon as possible.
-
- Please contact us using the provided response form
- (FONTRESP.DOC/FONTRESP.TXT) or write to the address below. We greatly
- appreciate your suggestions and problem reports. We need your help as we
- work to improve our fonts. Thank you.
-
-
- 9/15/92
- Font Development (Walt Agee, Victor Gaultney)
- SIL Printing Arts Department
- 7500 West Camp Wisdom Rd.
- Dallas, TX 75236 USA
- (214) 709-2420
- Internet: victor.gaultney@huntpo.sil.org
-
- Copyright 1992 Summer Institute of Linguistics
-